:root{color-scheme:light;--ink:#191714;--ink-soft:#4f4a44;--muted:#706b65;--rule:#ded9d2;--paper:#ffffff;--paper-soft:#f7f5f1;--accent:#b5122f;--link:#245f78;--measure:720px;--wide:1120px;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:68px}body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);line-height:1.65;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}body,button,input,textarea{font:inherit}:lang(kn){font-family:"Noto Serif Kannada",Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif}:lang(kn) h1,:lang(kn) h2{font-family:"Noto Serif Kannada",Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif}:lang(kn) .byline,:lang(kn) .article-meta,:lang(kn) figcaption,:lang(kn) .tags,:lang(kn) .section-label,:lang(kn) h3,:lang(kn).language-switcher,.language-switcher :lang(kn){font-family:"Noto Sans Kannada","Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif}a{color:inherit;text-decoration-color:#b8b1a7;text-underline-offset:0.18em}a:hover{color:var(--link)}img,svg{display:block;max-width:100%}button,a{touch-action:manipulation}button{cursor:pointer}:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--link);outline-offset:3px}.skip-link{position:absolute;left:-999px;top:0;z-index:10000;background:var(--ink);color:#fff;padding:0.55rem 0.85rem;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.9rem}.skip-link:focus{left:0}.site-header{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);background:#fff}.top-strip{min-height:34px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:1rem;padding:0.35rem 1rem;color:var(--muted);font-family:"Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.72rem}.font-toggle{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:0.25rem}.font-toggle button{border:1px solid var(--rule);background:#fff;color:var(--muted);min-width:2rem;min-height:1.8rem;font-family:"Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.8rem}.font-toggle button.active,.font-toggle button:hover{background:var(--ink);border-color:var(--ink);color:#fff}.masthead{text-align:center;padding:0.9rem 1rem 0.85rem}.brand,.footer-brand{color:var(--ink);font-family:"Playfair Display",Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:clamp(1.75rem,4vw,2.65rem);font-weight:900;line-height:1;text-decoration:none}.masthead .brand{display:inline-block;position:relative;padding-bottom:0.38rem}.masthead .brand::after{content:"";position:absolute;right:25%;bottom:0;left:25%;height:2px;background:var(--ink)}.masthead p{margin:0.6rem 0 0;color:var(--muted);font-family:"Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.68rem;letter-spacing:0.18em;text-transform:uppercase}.site-nav{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);display:flex;justify-content:center;gap:clamp(0.75rem,3vw,2rem);overflow-x:auto;padding:0.6rem 1rem;font-family:"Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.82rem;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.05em}.site-nav a{text-decoration:none;white-space:nowrap}#progressBar{position:fixed;inset:0 auto auto 0;z-index:9999;width:0;height:3px;background:var(--link)}.toast{position:fixed;top:1rem;right:1rem;z-index:10000;background:var(--ink);color:#fff;border-radius:4px;padding:0.75rem 1rem;box-shadow:0 12px 32px rgb(0 0 0 / 18%);font-family:"Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.9rem;opacity:0;transform:translateY(-8px);transition:opacity 0.2s,transform 0.2s;pointer-events:none}.toast.show{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}.share-toolbar{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:50;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);background:rgb(255 255 255 / 96%);backdrop-filter:blur(8px)}.share-toolbar.hidden{display:none}.share-toolbar-inner{min-height:52px;max-width:var(--measure);margin:0 auto;padding:0.45rem 1rem;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:1rem}.share-toolbar p{margin:0;min-width:0;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2}.share-toolbar p span,.kicker{color:var(--accent);font-family:"Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.78rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:0.06em;text-transform:uppercase}.kicker{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:0.6rem;margin:0 0 1rem}.kicker span{width:3px;height:1.4rem;background:var(--accent)}.language-switcher{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:0.25rem;margin:0 0 1rem;padding:0.25rem;border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:4px;font-family:"Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.82rem}.language-switcher span{color:var(--muted);padding:0 0.45rem;font-size:0.76rem;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase}.language-switcher button{border:0;background:transparent;color:var(--ink-soft);min-height:2rem;padding:0 0.65rem;border-radius:3px;font-weight:800}.language-switcher button.active,.language-switcher button:hover{background:var(--ink);color:#fff}.share-actions,.share-row{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:0.55rem;flex-wrap:wrap}.share-actions a,.share-actions button,.share-row a,.share-row button,#backToTop{border:0;background:transparent;color:var(--ink-soft);display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:0.4rem;min-height:2.3rem;min-width:2.3rem;border-radius:4px;text-decoration:none;font-family:"Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.82rem}.share-actions a:hover,.share-actions button:hover,.share-row a:hover,.share-row button:hover,#backToTop:hover{color:var(--ink);background:var(--paper-soft)}svg{width:1rem;height:1rem;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.8;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;fill:none}.share-actions svg{width:1.05rem;height:1.05rem}.share-actions img,.share-row img{width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem;object-fit:contain}.article-header,.article-body,.content-page{max-width:var(--measure);margin:0 auto;padding:2rem 1rem 0}.article-header h1,.content-page h1{margin:0 0 1rem;font-family:"Playfair Display",Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:clamp(1.9rem,5.2vw,2.65rem);font-weight:700;line-height:1.12;letter-spacing:0}.dek{margin:0 0 1.2rem;color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:1.06rem;line-height:1.55}.byline-row{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding-bottom:1rem;display:flex;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:space-between;gap:1rem}.byline,.article-meta,.editorial-notice,figcaption,.tags,.site-footer,.content-page .lead,.content-card{font-family:"Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif}.byline,.article-meta{margin:0;color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:0.85rem}.byline span{color:var(--ink);font-weight:700}.article-meta{display:flex;gap:0.75rem;flex-wrap:wrap}.editorial-notice{border-left:3px solid var(--accent);background:var(--paper-soft);color:var(--ink-soft);margin:1rem 0 0;padding:0.75rem 0.9rem;font-size:0.86rem}.share-row{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding:0.9rem 0}.hero{max-width:960px;margin:2rem auto 0;padding:0 1rem}.hero figcaption{max-width:var(--measure)}.hero img,.inline-figure img{width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:0 1px 6px rgb(0 0 0 / 9%)}.article figure img{cursor:zoom-in}figcaption{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:0.82rem;line-height:1.5;margin-top:0.45rem}figcaption span{color:inherit}.article-body{padding-top:2.5rem}.article-body p{margin:0 0 0.85em;font-size:1.06rem;line-height:1.58}.size-comfortable .article-body p{font-size:1.2rem}.size-large .article-body p{font-size:1.31rem}.drop-cap::first-letter{float:left;padding:0.16rem 0.55rem 0 0;font-family:"Playfair Display",Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:4.6rem;font-weight:900;line-height:0.8}.article-body h2,.content-page h2{margin:1.7rem 0 0.6rem;font-family:"Playfair Display",Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:1.55rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2;scroll-margin-top:4.5rem}.article-body h3{margin:1.25rem 0 0.55rem;font-family:"Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;font-weight:800;line-height:1.35}.article-body ul,.article-body ol{margin:0 0 1rem 1.35rem;padding:0}.article-body li{margin:0.25rem 0;line-height:1.55}.quick-steps{list-style:none;counter-reset:quick-step;margin-left:0}.quick-steps li{counter-increment:quick-step;display:grid;grid-template-columns:2rem minmax(0,1fr);gap:0.55rem;align-items:baseline}.quick-steps li::before{content:counter(quick-step) ".";color:var(--ink);font-family:"Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.86rem;font-weight:800}.quick-steps a{color:var(--link);font-weight:700;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:0.18em}.quick-steps a:hover{color:var(--ink)}.article-body .warning-note{border-left:4px solid #b45309;background:#fff7ed;color:#5f2b00;margin:0 0 1rem;padding:0.75rem 0.9rem}.article-body .danger-note{border-left-color:#b42318;background:#fff1f0;color:#7a271a}.help-section{border-top:2px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);margin:2.4rem 0 2rem;padding:1.2rem 0 1.4rem}.help-section .section-label{margin:0 0 0.4rem;color:var(--accent);font-family:"Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.76rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:0.06em;line-height:1.2;text-transform:uppercase}.help-section h2{margin-top:0}.faq-list{margin:1rem 0 0}.faq-list dt{color:var(--ink);font-weight:800;margin-top:1rem}.faq-list dd{margin:0.35rem 0 0}.pull-quote{border-left:4px solid var(--ink);margin:2rem 0;padding:0.8rem 0 0.8rem 1.3rem}.pull-quote p{margin:0 0 0.4rem;font-family:"Playfair Display",Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:1.45rem;font-weight:800;line-height:1.35}.pull-quote cite{color:var(--muted);font-family:"Libre Franklin",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.82rem;font-style:normal}.inline-figure{max-width:200px;margin:1.4rem auto}.article-dots{color:#bbb4ab;letter-spacing:0.5rem;margin:2.5rem 0;text-align:center}.tags{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0.7rem;padding:1rem 0 2rem;font-size:0.84rem}.tags span{color:var(--muted);font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase}.content-page{padding-bottom:3rem}.content-page .lead{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:1rem;line-height:1.65}.content-card{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding:1.1rem 0}.content-card h2,.content-card h3{margin-top:0}.content-card p,.content-card li{color:var(--ink-soft)}.content-card ul{padding-left:1.2rem}.site-footer{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);background:var(--paper-soft);margin-top:3rem;padding:2rem 1rem;color:var(--ink-soft)}.site-footer>*{max-width:var(--wide);margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.footer-brand{font-size:1.55rem}.site-footer nav{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0.75rem 1.1rem;margin-top:1rem;font-size:0.88rem}.site-footer p{margin-bottom:0}.copyright{color:var(--muted);font-size:0.8rem}#backToTop{position:fixed;right:1rem;bottom:1rem;z-index:40;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.642);background:#fff;opacity:0;pointer-events:none;box-shadow:0 6px 20px rgb(0 0 0 / 15%)}#backToTop.visible{opacity:1;pointer-events:auto}.image-lightbox{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:10001;display:none;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:1.5rem;background:rgb(18 18 18 / 86%)}.image-lightbox.open{display:flex}.image-lightbox img{max-width:min(94vw,980px);max-height:86vh;width:auto;height:auto;border-radius:4px;background:#fff;box-shadow:0 18px 60px rgb(0 0 0 / 35%)}.image-lightbox button{position:absolute;top:1rem;right:1rem;width:2.4rem;height:2.4rem;border:1px solid rgb(255 255 255 / 40%);border-radius:4px;background:rgb(0 0 0 / 35%);color:#fff;font-size:1.55rem;line-height:1}.image-lightbox button:hover{background:rgb(255 255 255 / 16%)}@media (max-width:720px){html{scroll-padding-top:54px}.top-strip{justify-content:space-between;gap:0.65rem;padding:0.35rem 0.75rem;font-size:0.7rem}.site-nav{justify-content:flex-start}.masthead{padding:0.8rem 0.75rem 0.75rem}.brand{font-size:2rem}.masthead p{font-size:0.62rem;letter-spacing:0.12em}.article-header,.article-body,.content-page{padding-right:0.9rem;padding-left:0.9rem}.article-header{padding-top:1.35rem}.language-switcher{display:flex;width:100%;align-items:stretch}.language-switcher span{display:flex;align-items:center}.language-switcher button{flex:1;min-width:0}.kicker{margin-bottom:0.75rem}.share-toolbar-inner,.byline-row{align-items:stretch;flex-direction:column}.share-toolbar-inner{gap:0.6rem;padding:0.5rem 0.9rem}.share-actions,.share-row{gap:0.35rem}.share-toolbar p{white-space:normal}.article-header h1,.content-page h1{font-size:2rem;line-height:1.16}.dek{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5}.hero{margin-top:1.25rem;padding:0 0.75rem}.article-body{padding-top:1.55rem}.article-body p{font-size:1.03rem;line-height:1.56}.size-comfortable .article-body p,.size-large .article-body p{font-size:1.08rem}.article-body h2,.content-page h2{font-size:1.32rem;line-height:1.24;margin-top:1.45rem}.article-body h3{font-size:0.96rem}.article-body ul,.article-body ol{margin-left:1.05rem}.quick-steps{padding-left:0.2rem}.warning-note,.help-section{overflow-wrap:anywhere}.drop-cap::first-letter{font-size:3.7rem}.pull-quote{margin:1.5rem 0;padding-left:1rem}.pull-quote p{font-size:1.18rem}.inline-figure{max-width:min(200px,100%)}.site-footer{margin-top:2rem;padding:1.5rem 0.9rem}.site-footer nav{gap:0.55rem 0.85rem}}@media (max-width:420px){.top-strip{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column}.font-toggle{width:100%}.font-toggle button{flex:1}.article-header h1,.content-page h1{font-size:1.72rem}.language-switcher{flex-wrap:wrap}.language-switcher span{width:100%;padding:0.2rem 0.45rem 0}.share-row{justify-content:space-between}.share-row a,.share-row button{min-width:2.1rem}.drop-cap::first-letter{float:none;padding:0;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.article-body .warning-note{padding:0.7rem 0.75rem}.help-section{margin:2rem 0 1.6rem}.image-lightbox{padding:0.75rem}#backToTop{right:0.75rem;bottom:0.75rem}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*,*::before,*::after{scroll-behavior:auto !important;transition-duration:0.001ms !important;animation-duration:0.001ms !important;animation-iteration-count:1 !important}}